PSYCHOLOGY GUIDES
Psychology and Mental Health (FAQs)
This section is a practical, public-friendly library that answers the questions people ask most about mental health—what psychology is, what psychologists do, how therapy works, costs/rebates, confidentiality, and how to access support in Australia. It also includes easy-to-scan fact sheets on common conditions (like depression, anxiety, PTSD, OCD, ADHD/autism, substance use, grief, sleep issues and more), plus clear explainers on evidence-based therapies such as CBT, DBT and ACT.
To help people take the next step, there’s a simple Queensland mental health support pathway (GP → psychologist/psychiatrist/community services → specialist programs → crisis care), including key helplines and emergency guidance.
Note: This content is general information only and isn’t psychological or legal advice. If you need urgent help, call 000 or use crisis supports such as Lifeline on 13 11 14 . CLICK HERE for Dexpression, HERE for Anxiety Disorders, HERE for facts about PTSD and HERE for information regarding OCD and HERE for Bipolar Disorder, HERE for ADHD, Eating Disorders HERE, HERE for Substance Use and Addiction, HERE for Sleep Disorders, HERE for Personality Disorders and HERE for Schizophrenia, information regarding Trauma and Complex Trauma HERE, CLICK HERE for Postpartum Mental Health (Perinatal Mental Health) and HERE for information regarding Self Harm and Crisis and Suicide related information HERE, Neurodevelopmental Disorders can be found HERE General Facts 1. What is psychology?Psychology is the scientific study of the mind, emotions, and behaviour. Psychologists explore why people think, feel, and act the way they do. 2. What do psychologists do?Psychologists assess, diagnose, and treat mental health concerns. They provide therapy, conduct research, and offer strategies to improve wellbeing. 3. What is the difference between a psychologist, psychiatrist, and counsellor?• Psychologist: Trained in therapy, cannot prescribe medication.• Psychiatrist: Medical doctor who can prescribe medication and provide therapy.• Counsellor / Therapist: Offers guidance and support but usually less formal training than a psychologist. 4. How do I know if I need therapy?If your thoughts, feelings, or behaviours are impacting daily life, relationships, or work, therapy may help. Common signs include prolonged sadness, anxiety, stress, or difficulty coping. 5. What is mental health vs mental illness?• Mental health: Overall psychological wellbeing.• Mental illness: Diagnosable conditions that significantly affect mood, thinking, and behaviour, e.g., depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder. 6. Can seeing a psychologist help with stress?Yes. Psychologists provide tools to manage stress, develop coping strategies, and address underlying issues causing stress. 7. How do I find a psychologist in Queensland?You can search via:• Australian Psychological Society (APS) “Find a Psychologist” tool• Local health centres or GP referrals• Community mental health services 8. What is a psychological assessment?A structured evaluation of your thoughts, emotions, behaviour, or cognitive abilities. It may involve interviews, questionnaires, or tests. 9. What are the benefits of therapy?• Improved coping skills• Better emotional regulation• Enhanced relationships• Reduced symptoms of mental health conditions 10. Is therapy confidential?Yes. Psychologists are bound by professional ethics to maintain confidentiality, except in cases of serious risk to yourself or others. Common Mental Health Disorders 11. What is depression?A mental health condition marked by persistent sadness, loss of interest, fatigue, and changes in sleep or appetite. Therapy and lifestyle changes can help. 12. What is anxiety?Excessive worry or fear that interferes with daily life. Types include Generalised Anxiety Disorder, Panic Disorder, and Phobias. 13. What is PTSD?Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder occurs after experiencing or witnessing trauma, causing flashbacks, nightmares, and hypervigilance. 14. What is OCD?Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder involves unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and actions (compulsions) to reduce anxiety. 15. What is bipolar disorder?A condition characterised by alternating periods of depression and mania or hypomania, affecting mood, energy, and activity levels. 16. What is ADHD?Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder involves inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, often starting in childhood. 17. What is Autism Spectrum Disorder?A neurodevelopmental condition affecting social interaction, communication, and behaviour patterns. Support focuses on development and coping strategies. 18. What are personality disorders?Enduring patterns of thinking, feeling, or behaving that cause distress or difficulty functioning in relationships and daily life. Examples: borderline, narcissistic, or antisocial personality disorder. 19. What are eating disorders?Conditions like anorexia, bulimia, and binge eating, involving unhealthy eating behaviours and body image concerns. 20. What is a panic attack?A sudden, intense episode of fear or discomfort with physical symptoms like racing heart, shortness of breath, and dizziness. 21. What are phobias?Intense, irrational fears of objects, situations, or activities, leading to avoidance behaviour. 22. What is schizophrenia?A severe mental disorder affecting thinking, perception, and behaviour, often involving hallucinations or delusions. 23. What is grief?A normal response to loss, involving sadness, anger, guilt, and adjustment difficulties. Therapy can support coping and adaptation. Therapy & Treatment 24. What types of therapy are available?• Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)• Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT)• Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)• Family or Couples Therapy• Play Therapy (for children) 25. How does Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) work?CBT helps identify negative thought patterns and develop healthier thinking and behaviour. 26. How does Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) help?DBT is useful for emotion regulation, self-harm, and interpersonal difficulties, combining mindfulness and coping skills. 27. What is Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)?ACT focuses on accepting difficult thoughts and committing to actions aligned with values, improving psychological flexibility. 28. Can therapy be done online?Yes. Telehealth is widely available, providing therapy via video or phone consultations. 29. How long does therapy last?Varies by individual and condition — usually 6–20 sessions, though ongoing therapy is common for complex issues. 30. How much does therapy cost in Australia?• Medicare rebates may apply for eligible mental health plans• Private health insurance may cover sessions• Community services may offer free or low-cost options Mental Health & Lifestyle 31. How does sleep affect mental health?Poor sleep worsens mood, anxiety, and cognitive performance. Healthy sleep habits support overall mental wellbeing. 32. Can exercise improve mental health?Yes. Regular physical activity reduces stress, anxiety, and depression and boosts mood. 33. Can diet affect mental health?Balanced nutrition supports brain function. Excessive sugar or alcohol may worsen mood disorders. 34. What is mindfulness?Mindfulness involves focusing on the present moment non-judgmentally, reducing stress and improving emotional regulation. 35. How does stress affect the brain?Chronic stress can impair memory, attention, and emotional regulation, increasing risk for mental health issues. 36. What is resilience?The ability to adapt and recover from adversity. Skills can be developed through therapy, support, and coping strategies. Youth & Child Mental Health 37. How can I tell if my child has anxiety?Signs include excessive worry, sleep problems, irritability, avoidance, and physical complaints (stomachaches, headaches). 38. How can I tell if my teen is depressed?Look for persistent sadness, social withdrawal, irritability, changes in sleep/appetite, or declining school performance. 39. When should children see a psychologist?If emotional or behavioural difficulties affect learning, friendships, or family life, professional support can help. 40. Can therapy help children with trauma?Yes. Trauma-focused therapies, including play therapy and CBT, help children process and cope with trauma safely. Crisis & Urgent Support 41. What should I do if I feel suicidal?Contact 000 in emergencies or call Lifeline (13 11 14). Seek urgent professional help. 42. What is self-harm and why do people do it?Self-harm is intentionally hurting oneself to cope with emotional pain. Professional help is essential to address underlying issues. 43. What is a mental health crisis?A situation where someone’s thoughts, emotions, or behaviour puts them at risk of harm to themselves or others. Immediate support is needed. 44. How can I support someone struggling with mental health?• Listen without judgment• Encourage professional help• Offer practical support• Know crisis contacts 45. What are community mental health services?Services providing assessment, therapy, and support for people with mental health issues, often including free or low-cost options. Legal & Workplace Mental Health 46. Can a psychologist provide reports for legal matters?Yes. Psychologists may prepare reports for family law, criminal law, workplace disputes, or compensation claims. 47. Can employers require a psychological assessment?Sometimes, particularly for safety-sensitive roles, but privacy and consent laws apply. 48. What is workplace stress and burnout?Burnout is chronic workplace stress leading to exhaustion, reduced performance, and detachment. 49. Can psychology help with addiction?Yes. Psychologists provide evidence-based therapies for alcohol, drug, gambling, and behavioural addictions. 50. Can therapy help with relationship issues?Yes. Couples and family therapy improve communication, resolve conflict, and strengthen relationships. 51. What is the role of neuropsychology?Neuropsychologists assess and treat cognitive, memory, and brain-related difficulties from injury, illness, or developmental conditions. 52. Can lifestyle changes improve mental health?Yes. Sleep, exercise, diet, social support, and mindfulness all contribute to better mental wellbeing. CLICK HERE for Dexpression, HERE for Anxiety Disorders, HERE for facts about PTSD and HERE for information regarding OCD and HERE Bipolar Disorder, HERE for ADHD, Eating Disorders HERE, HERE for Substance Use and Addiction, HERE for Sleep Disorders, HERE for Personality Disorders and HERE for Schizophrenia and information regarding Trauma and Complex Trauma HERE, CLICK HERE for Postpartum Mental Health (Perinatal Mental Health) and HERE for information regarding Self Harm and Crisis and Suicide related information HERE, Neurodevelopmental Disorders can be found HERE. Note: This content is general information only and isn’t psychological or legal advice. If you need urgent help, call 000 or use crisis supports such as Lifeline on 13 11 14 .
Note: This content is general information only and isn’t psychological or legal advice. If you need urgent help, call 000 or use crisis supports such as Lifeline on 13 11 14 . CLICK HERE for Dexpression, HERE for Anxiety Disorders, HERE for facts about PTSD and HERE for information regarding OCD and HERE for Bipolar Disorder, HERE for ADHD, Eating Disorders HERE, HERE for Substance Use and Addiction, HERE for Sleep Disorders, HERE for Personality Disorders and HERE for Schizophrenia, information regarding Trauma and Complex Trauma HERE, CLICK HERE for Postpartum Mental Health (Perinatal Mental Health) and HERE for information regarding Self Harm and Crisis and Suicide related information HERE, Neurodevelopmental Disorders can be found HERE General Facts 1. What is psychology?Psychology is the scientific study of the mind, emotions, and behaviour. Psychologists explore why people think, feel, and act the way they do. 2. What do psychologists do?Psychologists assess, diagnose, and treat mental health concerns. They provide therapy, conduct research, and offer strategies to improve wellbeing. 3. What is the difference between a psychologist, psychiatrist, and counsellor?• Psychologist: Trained in therapy, cannot prescribe medication.• Psychiatrist: Medical doctor who can prescribe medication and provide therapy.• Counsellor / Therapist: Offers guidance and support but usually less formal training than a psychologist. 4. How do I know if I need therapy?If your thoughts, feelings, or behaviours are impacting daily life, relationships, or work, therapy may help. Common signs include prolonged sadness, anxiety, stress, or difficulty coping. 5. What is mental health vs mental illness?• Mental health: Overall psychological wellbeing.• Mental illness: Diagnosable conditions that significantly affect mood, thinking, and behaviour, e.g., depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder. 6. Can seeing a psychologist help with stress?Yes. Psychologists provide tools to manage stress, develop coping strategies, and address underlying issues causing stress. 7. How do I find a psychologist in Queensland?You can search via:• Australian Psychological Society (APS) “Find a Psychologist” tool• Local health centres or GP referrals• Community mental health services 8. What is a psychological assessment?A structured evaluation of your thoughts, emotions, behaviour, or cognitive abilities. It may involve interviews, questionnaires, or tests. 9. What are the benefits of therapy?• Improved coping skills• Better emotional regulation• Enhanced relationships• Reduced symptoms of mental health conditions 10. Is therapy confidential?Yes. Psychologists are bound by professional ethics to maintain confidentiality, except in cases of serious risk to yourself or others. Common Mental Health Disorders 11. What is depression?A mental health condition marked by persistent sadness, loss of interest, fatigue, and changes in sleep or appetite. Therapy and lifestyle changes can help. 12. What is anxiety?Excessive worry or fear that interferes with daily life. Types include Generalised Anxiety Disorder, Panic Disorder, and Phobias. 13. What is PTSD?Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder occurs after experiencing or witnessing trauma, causing flashbacks, nightmares, and hypervigilance. 14. What is OCD?Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder involves unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and actions (compulsions) to reduce anxiety. 15. What is bipolar disorder?A condition characterised by alternating periods of depression and mania or hypomania, affecting mood, energy, and activity levels. 16. What is ADHD?Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder involves inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, often starting in childhood. 17. What is Autism Spectrum Disorder?A neurodevelopmental condition affecting social interaction, communication, and behaviour patterns. Support focuses on development and coping strategies. 18. What are personality disorders?Enduring patterns of thinking, feeling, or behaving that cause distress or difficulty functioning in relationships and daily life. Examples: borderline, narcissistic, or antisocial personality disorder. 19. What are eating disorders?Conditions like anorexia, bulimia, and binge eating, involving unhealthy eating behaviours and body image concerns. 20. What is a panic attack?A sudden, intense episode of fear or discomfort with physical symptoms like racing heart, shortness of breath, and dizziness. 21. What are phobias?Intense, irrational fears of objects, situations, or activities, leading to avoidance behaviour. 22. What is schizophrenia?A severe mental disorder affecting thinking, perception, and behaviour, often involving hallucinations or delusions. 23. What is grief?A normal response to loss, involving sadness, anger, guilt, and adjustment difficulties. Therapy can support coping and adaptation. Therapy & Treatment 24. What types of therapy are available?• Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)• Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT)• Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)• Family or Couples Therapy• Play Therapy (for children) 25. How does Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) work?CBT helps identify negative thought patterns and develop healthier thinking and behaviour. 26. How does Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) help?DBT is useful for emotion regulation, self-harm, and interpersonal difficulties, combining mindfulness and coping skills. 27. What is Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)?ACT focuses on accepting difficult thoughts and committing to actions aligned with values, improving psychological flexibility. 28. Can therapy be done online?Yes. Telehealth is widely available, providing therapy via video or phone consultations. 29. How long does therapy last?Varies by individual and condition — usually 6–20 sessions, though ongoing therapy is common for complex issues. 30. How much does therapy cost in Australia?• Medicare rebates may apply for eligible mental health plans• Private health insurance may cover sessions• Community services may offer free or low-cost options Mental Health & Lifestyle 31. How does sleep affect mental health?Poor sleep worsens mood, anxiety, and cognitive performance. Healthy sleep habits support overall mental wellbeing. 32. Can exercise improve mental health?Yes. Regular physical activity reduces stress, anxiety, and depression and boosts mood. 33. Can diet affect mental health?Balanced nutrition supports brain function. Excessive sugar or alcohol may worsen mood disorders. 34. What is mindfulness?Mindfulness involves focusing on the present moment non-judgmentally, reducing stress and improving emotional regulation. 35. How does stress affect the brain?Chronic stress can impair memory, attention, and emotional regulation, increasing risk for mental health issues. 36. What is resilience?The ability to adapt and recover from adversity. Skills can be developed through therapy, support, and coping strategies. Youth & Child Mental Health 37. How can I tell if my child has anxiety?Signs include excessive worry, sleep problems, irritability, avoidance, and physical complaints (stomachaches, headaches). 38. How can I tell if my teen is depressed?Look for persistent sadness, social withdrawal, irritability, changes in sleep/appetite, or declining school performance. 39. When should children see a psychologist?If emotional or behavioural difficulties affect learning, friendships, or family life, professional support can help. 40. Can therapy help children with trauma?Yes. Trauma-focused therapies, including play therapy and CBT, help children process and cope with trauma safely. Crisis & Urgent Support 41. What should I do if I feel suicidal?Contact 000 in emergencies or call Lifeline (13 11 14). Seek urgent professional help. 42. What is self-harm and why do people do it?Self-harm is intentionally hurting oneself to cope with emotional pain. Professional help is essential to address underlying issues. 43. What is a mental health crisis?A situation where someone’s thoughts, emotions, or behaviour puts them at risk of harm to themselves or others. Immediate support is needed. 44. How can I support someone struggling with mental health?• Listen without judgment• Encourage professional help• Offer practical support• Know crisis contacts 45. What are community mental health services?Services providing assessment, therapy, and support for people with mental health issues, often including free or low-cost options. Legal & Workplace Mental Health 46. Can a psychologist provide reports for legal matters?Yes. Psychologists may prepare reports for family law, criminal law, workplace disputes, or compensation claims. 47. Can employers require a psychological assessment?Sometimes, particularly for safety-sensitive roles, but privacy and consent laws apply. 48. What is workplace stress and burnout?Burnout is chronic workplace stress leading to exhaustion, reduced performance, and detachment. 49. Can psychology help with addiction?Yes. Psychologists provide evidence-based therapies for alcohol, drug, gambling, and behavioural addictions. 50. Can therapy help with relationship issues?Yes. Couples and family therapy improve communication, resolve conflict, and strengthen relationships. 51. What is the role of neuropsychology?Neuropsychologists assess and treat cognitive, memory, and brain-related difficulties from injury, illness, or developmental conditions. 52. Can lifestyle changes improve mental health?Yes. Sleep, exercise, diet, social support, and mindfulness all contribute to better mental wellbeing. CLICK HERE for Dexpression, HERE for Anxiety Disorders, HERE for facts about PTSD and HERE for information regarding OCD and HERE Bipolar Disorder, HERE for ADHD, Eating Disorders HERE, HERE for Substance Use and Addiction, HERE for Sleep Disorders, HERE for Personality Disorders and HERE for Schizophrenia and information regarding Trauma and Complex Trauma HERE, CLICK HERE for Postpartum Mental Health (Perinatal Mental Health) and HERE for information regarding Self Harm and Crisis and Suicide related information HERE, Neurodevelopmental Disorders can be found HERE. Note: This content is general information only and isn’t psychological or legal advice. If you need urgent help, call 000 or use crisis supports such as Lifeline on 13 11 14 .